Bethlehem is the birthplace of Jesus (According to Matthew and Luke).
" King Herod […] he asked them where the Christ would be born. They said to him, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for this is written through the prophet, ‘You Bethlehem, land of Judah,
are in no way least among the princes of Judah;
for out of you shall come a governor
who shall shepherd my people, Israel.’ [Micah 5:2]”
{Matthew 2:4-6}  
In the fourth century Helena, mother of Emperor Constantine the Great, made a pilgrim to Jerusalem and Bethlehem where she perpetuated Jesus birthplace in Bethlehem and built there a monument construction as portrayed on the Wall Plaque: Church of Nativity.